Shantou has a long history in foreign trade. It is one of the oldest harbors opening to the world in China after it was opened up in 1861 and it is known as "trading port in one hundred years". In 1921, Shantou set up its own municipal organizational system. From then on, it has been an important harbor city in south China and the communication hub, trading port and distribution center in East Guangdong, Southwest Fujian and Southeast Jiangxi. The city was designated as one of the five Special Economic Zones (SEZ) and coastal city in China in 1981. Ever since then Shantou has stepped into a period of brand-new development in economy.

　　Shantou has accumulated considerable local culture of strong local characteristics along the development of history. Traditional culture with distinctive local features such as Chao Opera, Chao Music, Chao Dishes and Kongfu Tea enjoy great popularity at home and abroad.